Imirasire y'izuba ni igikoresho gihindura ingufu z'imirasire y'izuba mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi binyuze mu mashusho y'amashanyarazi cyangwa ingaruka za fotokimike ikurura urumuri rw'izuba. Ibikoresho nyamukuru byizuba ryinshi ni "silicon", ariko kubera igiciro kinini cyumusaruro, imikoreshereze yacyo iracyafite aho igarukira.

Ugereranije na bateri zisanzwe hamwe na bateri zishobora kwishyurwa, ingirabuzimafatizo zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni nyinshi mu kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije ku bicuruzwa bibisi.

Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bya silikoni ya kirisiti (harimo na silikoni ya polyisikaline na silikoni ya monocrystalline) ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi bifotora bifotora, bifite isoko rirenga 90%, kandi bizakomeza kuba ibikoresho nyamukuru by'ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba mu gihe kirekire kizaza. Kuva kera, tekinoroji yo gukora ibikoresho bya polysilicon yabaye mumaboko yinganda 10 zamasosiyete 7 mubihugu 3, nka Amerika, Ubuyapani n'Ubudage, bituma habaho ikibazo cyo guhagarika ikoranabuhanga no kwiharira isoko.Icyifuzo cya polysilicon kiraza cyane cyane biva mu bice bya semiconductor na selile izuba. Ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye byisuku, bigabanijwemo ingufu za elegitoroniki nizuba. Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda zifotora amashanyarazi, icyifuzo cya polysilicon yizuba kumirasire yizuba kiriyongera cyane kuruta icya semiconductor polysilicon, kandi biteganijwe ko icyifuzo cya polysilicon izuba kizarenza icya elegitoroniki ya polysilicon mu 2008. Umusaruro rusange w’ingirabuzimafatizo zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba wavuye kuri 69MW mu 1994 ugera kuri 1200MW mu 2004, wiyongeraho 17 mu myaka 10 gusa.

Ikibaho cya kirisiti ya kirisiti: ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba za polycrystalline, izuba rya monocrystalline.

Amorphous silicon paneli: selile yizuba yoroheje, ingirabuzimafatizo zuba.

Ibikoresho byo gusiga irangi ryimiti: ingirabuzimafatizo zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.

Imirasire y'izuba

Monocrystalline silicon

Imirasire y'izuba ya Monocrystalline ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura hafi 18%, kugeza kuri 24%, ikaba ari yo isumba iyindi mibumbe yose y'izuba, ariko ihenze cyane kuyikoresha cyane.Kuko silikoni ya monocrystalline isanzwe ifunze ikirahuri gikomeye kandi amazi adafite amazi, arakomeye kandi aramba, hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi kugeza kumyaka 25.

polysilicon

Uburyo bwo gukora ingirabuzimafatizo zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ya polycrystalline isa n'iy'imirasire y'izuba ya monocrystalline silicon, ariko uburyo bwo guhindura amafoto ya elegitoronike ya silikoni y'izuba ya polycrystalline iri hasi cyane, kandi uburyo bwo guhindura amafoto bugera kuri 16% .Mu bijyanye n'igiciro cy'umusaruro, ni bihendutse kuruta ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba za monocrystalline, kandi ibikoresho biroroshye gukora, bizigama gukoresha ingufu, kandi igiciro cyose cy’umusaruro kiri hasi, bityo kikaba cyaratejwe imbere ku bwinshi. Byongeye kandi, polycrystalline silicon izuba rifite ubuzima bugufi kuruta monocrystalline ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba.

Amorphous silicon

Imirasire y'izuba ya Amorphous ni ubwoko bushya bw'imirasire y'izuba yoroheje igaragara mu 1976. Iratandukanye rwose nuburyo bwo gukora silicon monocrystalline na polycrystalline silicon. Inzira iroroshe cyane, gukoresha ibikoresho bya silikoni ni bike, kandi ingufu zikoreshwa ni nkeya.Nyamara, ikibazo nyamukuru cyingirabuzimafatizo yizuba ya amorphous silicon nuko imikorere ya foto ya elegitoronike iba mike. Urwego mpuzamahanga rwateye imbere ni 10%, kandi ntabwo ruhagaze. Hamwe no kwagura igihe, imikorere yo guhinduka iragabanuka.